avyayaṃ vibhakti-samīpa-samṛddhi-vyṛddhy-arthābhāva-atyaya-asamprati-śabdaprādurbhāva-paścād-yathā-ānupūrvya-yaugapadya-sādṛśya-sampatti-sākalya-antavcaneṣu.
段书：表示词尾、邻近、好运、背运、无实质、超越、非现时、突出显示某词、事后、如、顺序、同时发生、相似、恰如其分、全部、结束意义的不变词。